Bacow, Bowen, Guthrie, Lack, and Long (2012) reviewed barriers to providing effective online learning. A few key barriers they mention are:
Preparation for online courses is intensive - requires much more work than in face-to-face classes
Collaboration with others is essential - online instructors have to rely on technology experts and other skilled personnel to support students
Lack of ownership - online instructors often do not "own" their classroom, in that, they teach a course that someone else developed
Hill (2010) further looks at barriers to identifying effective online teachers:
Compensation for time invested - online teachers are not compensated for initial time spent in developing courses
Lack of expertise - high-quality teachers do not have the technological skills needed to teach online and there is little preparation in teacher education programs to develop high-quality online instructors
Hill (2010) further looks at barriers to identifying effective online teachers: